In the simple example below, the flow configuration in a transverse fracture intersecting a horizontal well can generate an additional pressure drop which can be substantial when compared to a fractured vertical well.
This can be considered the “sideways” view of convergence skin or partial penetrating skin with a partial penetrating well.
In an interesting example presented by Economides and his cohorts (see below), there is an additional pressure drop to the mis-alignment of the well and the fracture (or fracture/wellbore connection). Without their modelling showed a substantial increase in total effective ski
Furui, following the work of others, demonstrated the impact of flow pattern (I.e. distorted flow lines)
References:
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Economides: “Comprehensive Model for Flow Behavoir of High-Performance-Fracture Completions”, SPE 124431-PA-P